First Aid treatment and Revival

Context

SCIENCE/Common accidents and first aid

Jokers of interest

Demonstrational drama

Revival-dummy

self-practice

1) What is first aid treatment?

First aid treatment is the first help given to an injured person before he or she is taken to the hospital.

2) What are common accidents and their causes?

Common accidents	Causes
Cuts and grazes	Sharp instruments, person falling down
Burns	Fire, hot liquids
Nose bleeding
Sprain	Playing football
Choking	Food entering the wind pipe
Suffocation	Poisonous gases such as from a charcoal burner
Drowning	Falling in deep water bodies
Poisoning	Chemicals (paraffin, diesel, medicines), rotten food
Unconciousness	Drowning, car accident, exessive alcohol consumption

3) First aid treatment – what can we do in case of…?

Borrow your schools first aid kit and show the content to the learners, explain the use of different items.

a)      Cuts and grazes

For demonstrational drama, you can get a learner in front who can paint him-/herself a wound with a red marker. Then you/another learner give him first aid treatment.

·        Clean with water

·        Touch with aniseptics or salt

·        Apply a bandage/plaster

b)      Nose bleeding

·        Bend the head forward

·        Put sth. cold on the neck

·        Pinch the nose for 10 minutes

·        Bite a cob of maize (will keep you from swallowing which allows the wound to clot)

c)      Sprain

·        Rest the strained part

·        Cool it

·        Wrap with a triangular bandage.

d)      Choking

For demonstrational drama, ask a learner to come in front and give a perfomance of choking. Then you demonstrate first aid treatment:

·        Stand behind the person, wrap your arms around him or her, press into the belly between navel and ribs with an upward jerk

e)     Unconciousness

For demonstrational drama, ask a learner to come in front and give a perfomance of being unconcious. You check breathe and heartbeat and explain loudly that this patient is still breathing and the heart is still beating. Put the learner in a recovery position. Let the learners practice in group work.

·        Kneel down next to the person, take the arm near to you and stretch it away from the persons body, bend the ellbow upwards in a 90° angle.

·        Take the arm far from you and pull it over the persons chest, place the back of the hand against the person´s cheek

·        Put up the knee far from you

·        Holding with one hand that knee and with the other hand the shoulder far from you, roll the patient over towards you

·        Bend the head backwards to free the respiratory track

Explain: When a person is unconcious, he or she could vomit without waking up – the food I the respiratory track could cause suffocation. This happens often when people fall unconcious because they have drunken to much alcohol. The body is poisoned, so it tries to throw out the poison – naturally, the person vomits and many people happen to die. Put your friends in the recovery position and save their lives!

Revival

Materials:

A revival dummy ( I called him my husband) made of

• a 5L – Water bottle
• a ball which makes the head
• a big nose cut of carton
• eyes drawn with marker on sello tape
• as many 2L-bottles as you can get that make the “baby dummies” for your learners to practice

LESSON

When a person is not breathing and has no heartbeat, we call that person dead. Can we still do something like first aid to this person?

Yes! If you take action immediately, you can maybe get that person back to life! This is called “revival”.

• Explain and demonstrate how to do a revival* on the revival dummy
• Let the learners note down:

Instructions for a revival

1.      Call an ambulance: 997

2.      check breathe and heartbeat.

3.      Breathe 2 times into the nose

4.      Push 30 times into the chest

• Get out of the classroom and let the learners stand in lines in front of empty 2L-Water bottles. Let them practice the revival instructions using their imagination. The bottles lay on the ground. First they have to blow 2 times into an imaginary nose somewhere on top of the bottle. Then they have to push 30 times crushing plastic side of the bottle. Immediatley, the person behind should take over. As teacher, you observe, give instructions and advice.

For Background information on how to do a revival, watch this 10 minutes youtube video "Life in your hands / from the John Hopkins Medical Institutions":

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CqDZcdumqyU

I also showed it to my class. They managed to keep quiet, because it caught their attention and they even managed to memmorize some contents of the video!