The States of Matter

What is matter?

Matter is everything that has mass and occupies space.

Mass is measured in what?

Mass in measured in kg.

Space/Volume is measured in what?

Space is measured in square metres m³.

What are the States of Matter?

Matter exists in 3 physical states:

Solid, liquid and gas.

Vocabulary help Chichewa

Mass = misa

State = kakhalidwe

Solid = chilimba

Liquid = zamadzimadzi

Gas = mtund wa mpweya

Brother Matter song

Tune: brother jakob

Brother Matter,

What´s your state of matter?

What is it? What is it?

Is it a solid?

Is it a liquid?

Or is it a gas?

Is it a gas?

Brother Matter,

You are heated,

How will you change? Will you change?

Will you melt,

melt to liquid?

Or condensate,

Condensate?

Brother Matter,

You are cooled,

How will you change? Will you change?

Will you freeze,

freeze to solid?

Or evaporate,

Evaporate?

Examples for states of matter

Solid	Liquid	Gas
Ice Brick stone Wood (table, door) Paper	Water Oil Melted candle wax	Water vapour (hot tea, clouds) Air (paper fan, bycicle pump) Gas in a lighter Dip an empty bottle in a basin with water and show the learners the air bubbles that are coming out of the bottle

Changes of States of Matter

The learners copy the chart from the poster:

I explain the Changes of States of Matter with this four pictures:

• We can watch candle wax melting when we lit a candle. The candle wax becomes liquid and drops down.
• Irene makes and sells freezes at our school. She puts a liquid juice into plastic papers, then she puts the plastic papers in the fridge till the next morning. There the juice freezes to ice.
• E-vapor-ation carries “[water] vapo[u]r” in the word itself. It means water becoming vapour. When we have a very hot tea, we can hold our hand over the cup and feel the heat, because the hot vapor is rising from the tea.
• Condensation can be watched when we boil water in a pot and lift the lid from the pot: The water vapour that has cooled down again drips off the lid.

We practice the pronounciation of the words melting, freezing, evaporation and condensation. When we say “melting” or “evaporation” we point up, when we say “freezing” and “condensation” we point down.

I say the words in confused order. The learners have to point up or down.

Exercise

(1) Look at the chart. What are the 3 states of matter? Write in the boxes a.,b.,c. the names of the 3 states of matter.

(3) Give two examples for

1. solids
2. liquids
3. gases

(4) The mass of Madam Elena is measured in…

A.     cm (centimeters)

B.     m³ (cubic-meters)

C.     kg (cages)

D.     m² (square-meters)

(5) Matter is everything that has

A.     mass.

B.     space and shape.

C.     mass and occupies shape.

D.     cells.

(6) Which of the following example is a gas?

A.     brick stone

B.     oxygen

C.     water

D.     candle wax

(7) If we leave a freezes in the sun, it starts…

A.     melting

B.     evaporation

C.     condensation

D.     freezing